The Church Of St. Augustine Catholic Church, under the auspices of the monks of the Augustine and located in the historic district of Intramuros Manila. Built in 1607, the Church is the oldest building in the Philippines. In 1993, along with three other Philippine churches constructed during the Spanish colony, was made a UNESCO world Heritage site in the category "Philippine Church Baroque. In addition, since 1976, the Church. Augustine is a national historic landmark, protected by the government.
The present Church is the third built on this site in honor of St. Augustine. The first Church was the first religious structure built by the Spaniards on the island of Luzon. Made of bamboo and palm wood, it was completed in 1571, but three years later was burned during the fire. The second Church is also made of wood – has also suffered a serious fire in 1583. Members of the order of St. Augustine decided to restore the Church, but this time to build it out of stone. They also decided to build near the monastery. Construction began in 1586 and lasted for many years because of lack of funds and materials. Only in 1604 began to act the monastery, and the Church was officially opened in 1607.
In 1762 the Church. Augustine was looted by British soldiers who occupied Manila during the Seven years ' war. Only in 1854 restoration works were carried out under the guidance of architect Luciano Oliveira. Nine years later, in Manila there was a severe earthquake that left the city in ruins, and only the Church. Augustine miraculously survived. Another strong earthquake occurred in 1880 – as a result of it collapsed left the Church. They say that the Foundation of the Church in the form of an ellipse allowed her to survive so many devastating earthquakes.
In 1898 it was here, in the Church of St. Augustine, the Spanish Governor-General Farmig Jaudenes has transferred control of the Philippines to the United States of America. But during the Japanese occupation of the island during the Second World war the Church was turned into a concentration camp for prisoners. In the last days of the battle of Manila, hundreds of residents of Intramuros and the clergy were held hostage by Japanese soldiers, many of them were later brutally murdered. However, the Church itself survived the bombing of Intramuros is the only one of the seven churches of the district. But standing next to the monastery was completely destroyed, and only in the 1970s, was renovated and turned into a Museum.
Today the Church of St. Augustine is a valuable historical and cultural monument of the Philippines. Its facade is quite modest, even here it is often said that he lacks grace and charm. But it is famous for its decorations in the Baroque style, especially the intricate carvings on the wooden doors. The courtyard of the Church are decorated with several granite sculptures of lions, presented to the Chinese Catholics. Inside the Church has a Latin cross plan with 14 side chapels and a beautiful ceiling, painted in 1875 by Italian artists. Above the choir benches are carved in the 17th century by hand from a tropical tree.
In the Church there are tombs of Spanish Conquistador Miguel Lopez de Legazpi, Juan de Salcedo and Martin de Goichi, as well as several generals and archbishops.
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