The Belarusian state puppet theatre was founded in 1938. The activity of the theatre started in the Belarusian city of Gomel. First in his repertoire were children's performances. The first shows the performances were "By magic" Elizabeth Tarakhovskaya and "Winnie the Pooh" Wolski Vitali. They brought the puppet theater great success and fame.

In 1950, the theatre moved to Minsk in the new building on the street of Engels, 20, specially built for the needs of the puppet theatre. Hall of the Belarusian state puppet theatre adapted for younger viewers, but it's also comfy and adults.

In 1956 the theatre comes Anatoly Lelyavski, in 1957 – Leonid Bykov. With their arrival begins new era of creativity theater. This creative tandem has proposed an innovative approach to performances. The Belarusian puppet theater, in addition to children's repertoire began to stage performances for adults. The repertoire was enriched with works of famous Belarusian classics: Yakub Kolas, Yanka Kupala, and performances based on classic works of world literature William Shakespeare, Vladimir Mayakovsky, Carla Gozzi, Mikhail Bulgakov.

In the performances of the puppet theater, live actors increasingly take to the stage, becoming actors, along with dolls.

In 2008 the Belarusian state puppet theatre was awarded high government awards. He was awarded the title "Honoured collective of the Republic of Belarus".

Belarusian puppet theatre is in constant creative search. He tours the world, participates in festivals and well known in European countries. So, in 2012, the play "Why do people grow old" was shown at the festival "Golden Mask".