The old town square since ancient times is the heart of the city. The mention of the large market in this place are already in the XI century. The dominant position in the square is the complex of buildings of the old town hall with a majestic tower, a symbol of the city authorities and the citizens and the Church of the virgin Mary with two towers.

In 1338, the citizens obtained the agreement of king John of Luxembourg to the request of the magistrate. They immediately bought the house under the town hall and began the construction of a lofty tower. Soon after that, there was also a Gothic chapel, which was dedicated in 1381. Gradually, the hall grew and took several neighboring houses.

The famous astronomical clock of the town hall, built in 1410 Mikulas of Kadan, and improved in 1490 by master Hanuš from Rouge with late Gothic ornamental decorations are one of the main attractions of Prague. Every hour before admiring spectators appear in the upper Windows of moving the apostles, and their parade finishes ringing skeleton and rooster crow. The chimes consist of two parts. The upper part shows the appeal of the Sun and moon and time of day, calendar Board below shows some days and months of the year.