The history of Ulm Arsenal began in the 14th century, the first documentary reference refer to the year 1433. As the name implies, residents of the free Imperial city of Ulm have used this building as a warehouse of weapons. A few centuries they kept the cannons, cannon balls, bombs, and more. From time to time, the Arsenal was used not for its intended purpose, and as the Imperial mint or warehouse important parts of urban structures, such as bridges and water mains. On the square in front of the Arsenal, the inhabitants of Ulm also held various important meetings.

The original building Ulm Arsenal several times considerably enlarged by new buildings. Extant building, the so-called New Arsenal was built in 1667. It is decorated with faceted stone framing the Windows and doors decoration in the Baroque style.

In the late 18th century the contents of the Arsenal was seized by the Austrians under the pretext of protection from the advancing French troops. Since values cost of two million guilders nobody saw. With the end of the era of the free Imperial city in 1808 Arsenal has been transformed into barracks and remained in that capacity until 1919. During the Second world war the building of the Old Arsenal was completely destroyed. The remaining parts of the complex in 1977 were restored to their original appearance. But today, they fully demonstrate the economic achievements of medieval Ulm.