The national Park of Cilento and Vallo di Diano in the province of Salerno in the Italian region Campania was established in 1991, the year for the protection of the territory of the Cilento coast from mass tourism and construction. In 1998, the year the Park was declared a UNESCO world Cultural and Natural Heritage together with the ancient Greek city of Paestum and Velia and the Carthusian monastery Certosa di Padula, located on its territory. In addition to the "Cilento and Vallo di Diano in the province of Salerno, there are also the natural reserve "Foce Sele-Tanagro and marine reserve of Punta Licosa".

The territory of the national Park of Cilento and Vallo di Diano is the second largest in Italy. The Park stretches from the Tyrrhenian sea to the foothills of the Apennine mountains in Basilicata and Campaigns and includes most of the Cilento coast, the forest of Pruno, mountain Alburni, Cervati and Gelbison. The natural beauty and biological diversity of these places will complement the monuments of history and culture and numerous myths and legends – stories about nymph Lycosia and Aeneas journeys to the ruins of the ancient Greek colonies of Elea and Paestum. The unspoilt natural landscape of the Park is interspersed with lands for millennia, inhabited and cultivated people.

The Cilento is a beautiful land, where the verdant hills and olive ash grove are reflected in the blue waters of the Tyrrhenian sea, near rapid run streams, here and there visible lunar landscapes and thickets of chestnut and oak trees, on high cliffs and sheltered tiny old villages.

National Park registered about 1800 species of plants, every tenth of which is endemic or rare species. The most famous of them, the true symbol of the Park, primrose is a primrose. No less varied and fauna of the Cilento, due to a variety of local ecosystems – there are coastal and high mountain areas, wild rivers and streams, cliffs and forests. On the tops of mountains and high pastures are rare, Golden eagles, falcons-peregrine Falcon, Mediterranean falcons, stone partridges and Alpine Chough.

Numerous caves of the Cilento and Vallo di Diano national Park with ancient times were chosen by the man who found refuge. The most ancient traces of human presence date back to the middle Paleolithic (about 500 thousand years ago), and in coastal caves between Palinuro and Scario were found primitive tools our primitive ancestors.