The Golden horn is one of the best natural harbours in the world. In the old days here were deployed merchant ships of the Byzantines and ottomana, as well as warships. Today, parks and pedestrian walkways stretch along the coast.

The harbour of the Golden horn is a curved Bay of the Bosphorus, which is deeply in the dry. The length of this Bay is 12, 2 km, width is 91-122 m, depth 47 m. Two streams flow into the Bay at its Western end: Ali-Bey-su, called ancient Kidroom and Kiat-Han-su — ancient Barbies. On both banks located in the European part of one of the largest cities in Turkey — Istanbul. Four bridges spread across the Bay is the Galata bridge, the Old Galata bridge, which is no longer in use, the Ataturk Bridge and the Bridge Halic.

The Golden horn Bay is protected from all disturbances and winds, in addition to storm. Between Cape Brindle and located in 1, 2 miles from the Cape Goldobina, he goes deep into the North shore of the Bosphorus Strait East. Limited Bay shkot Peninsula, located to the North-West. This shore of the Golden horn Bay is very hilly, and its southern part is steep and throughout prepublish. Northern, southern and Eastern shores of the Bay are sublime, but in some places the cliffs and framed by a low and very narrow coastal strip, which has been artificially levelled and sometimes extended to port facilities. Shore the top of the Bay is low. To him enters the valley through which the river flows Explanation.

Somewhere around seven thousand years ago the waters of the Bosphorus and rivers: Kagithane and AliBey, still flowing into the Golden horn (its Northern part), merged and formed a natural harbour. For many centuries the Golden horn or Altin Boynuz called one of the best natural harbours in the world. In the waters of this Bay, which really is shaped like a horn, were full of fish, and very fertile land on the banks of the harbour gave a very rich harvest. Often a Bay called the horn of plenty, and also, it is believed that this Bay was named by the Byzantine in honor of his mother, kotorub called Kerensa, because in Greek the Golden horn sounds like Crookers. There is, however, another interesting legend which says that, under the luminous rays of the sun the waters of the Bay sparkle with real gold. The present Turkish name of the Golden Horn – Halic (halic, which in Turkish means "Bay"). The full name of this harbour comes from the Ottoman Halic and Dersaadet, which means "Bay of the gates of bliss".

Summer weather in the Bay of the Golden horn is very changeable. Prevail here South and South-East winds, which often are the rains and fogs. In autumn and winter the winds blow predominantly from the North and Northwest. They bring the dry and clear weather, with a large decrease of air temperature with increasing atmospheric pressure. Fog in the Harbor of the Golden horn seen from April to August. Them, most often seen in June and July. Fogs usually occur here, when the blow of the Southeast wind. When there is complete calm, you can see them much less frequently. Wind blowing in autumn and winter, are very long and can sometimes reach speeds of 6-8 m/s or more, and in spring and summer the wind speed is slightly less.

In the districts of Fener and Balat, which is conveniently located in the heart of the Golden horn, there are numerous streets of old houses and churches, synagogues, built in the era of the Ottoman and Byzantine empires. The shores of the Golden horn fortified, almost in its entirety, walls. They include piers and docks. Depth at the entrance to the Golden horn is from 20 to 27 m and further, to the top of the Bay, it is smoothly reduced. The soil in the Bay is mud.

When Turks came to the banks of the Golden Horn became a popular place to relax. Here they began to build rich mansions and summer residences. But, despite this, these lands over time, began to appear a large number of workshops and factories. Nobody controlled industrial development gradually led to the horrendous pollution of the environment and water of the Golden Horn turned into a real cesspool. Here merged urban sewage and industrial wastes of all who were not lazy. The situation has changed for the better only in the 1980-ies. The municipality of Istanbul it was decided to return to this ancient district of the city to its former beauty. Now re located on the banks of the Golden Horn cozy green parks and its coastal neighborhoods, still preserved in its streets, wooden houses built in the Byzantine and Ottoman periods, synagogues and churches, and the sunset again covers the Golden waters of this beautiful Bay.