The baptistery of the Orthodox, also named Neon, is the most ancient building of Ravenna, decorated with Byzantine mosaics. In 1996, the year he was included in the UNESCO world Cultural Heritage site by UNESCO.

The baptistery, with the shape of an octagon, was built in 4-5th centuries on the foundations of the Roman baths, and was originally called the baptistery of the Orthodox. His second name, he was named Bishop of Neon, by whose order in the second half of the 5th century, its interior was decorated with mosaics. Interestingly, today the building of the baptistery three meters lower than it was originally, it is "immersed" in the cultural layer.

The interior of the baptistery is decorated with mosaics, ionic columns and reliefs depicting the prophets – all this luxury was meant to emphasize the special importance of the sacrament of baptism. In the center you can see the font with eight sides, made in the 16th century from Greek marble and porphyry. Its unique feature is the pulpit, carved from a single piece of marble. In the lateral arch is preserved the throne of the 6th century, and placed near vintage bronze cross in 1963, the year was removed from the roof.

Mosaics of the baptistery is divided into three cycles. In the first tier is dominated by floral design on a blue background. The second cycle decorates the space between the arches of the second tier and the third space under the dome. All mosaics are relevant to the theme of the Heavenly Jerusalem, and under the dome you can see the scene of the baptism of Christ and the image of the 12 apostles.