The idea of creation of the Archaeological Museum in Almeria arose in the first half of the 19th century. To 1837, from the closest to the city and its surroundings monasteries managed to withdraw 196 paintings, as well as ancient coins and tombstones, jewelry and utensils belonging to the period of Arab domination in Spain. But for some unknown reasons, the opening of the Museum in that period did not take place. Subsequently, a significant portion of these artifacts made Museum collections outside Almeria and even abroad.

The proclamation of the Second Spanish Republic was the fact that in 1933 in Almeria still opened Archaeological Museum, which is located in the building research Institute. The initial collection of the Museum of archeological relics found during excavations in Almeria and the surrounding area. In 1934, the Museum has already begun cooperation with other Museum collections of the country. In 1979, in connection with the collections, the Museum was moved to the building that housed the College of Santa Maria del Mar.

In 1998, designed by architect Ignacio garcía Pedrosa and Angela Garcia de Paredes was built the new Museum building that meets modern requirements. The interior of the new building, spacious and bright thanks to the use of an elaborate system of natural lighting, feature minimalist design, clear geometric lines and spatial volume. The collections of the Archaeological Museum of Almeria presents exhibits from the Paleolithic era to the period of Moorish rule on the Iberian Peninsula.