Borisovskie caves Photo: Borisovskie caves

Borisovskie the caves located in the Leningrad region near a small village river, are the most famous among the many quarries in the area. Almost all the quarries of this region owe their existence to the numerous deposits of Sandstone, which originally served for the extraction of white quartz sand used in glass production. It is in the Traditional village, namely, on the banks of a small Antonov lake, was this production, after which the waste materials received for processing at far glassworks in the village of Markovici.

At the beginning of the 20th century the process of sand mining ceased completely, a small plant came to a complete desolation, and Borisovskie quarries was used for personal purposes by robbers, local workers and partisans. Some time later, quarries almost completely crumbled, rising to epic proportions in more than 4 meters. As it turned out, sand quarries were not very stable, resulting in irreversible destructive process happened so quickly that there are only a small fraction of the longest moves.

It is believed that at this place previously occupied by the system, which was broken by the strongest disintegrated into its component parts – in Dvenadtsatichasovoe you can have a great gallery to see one of the landslides. Above the cave there is a huge in size funnel, the diameter of which reaches 25 meters at a depth of 5 meters. The first cave is colonic with 12 pillars. Followed by Wolf cave, equipped with a sliding shutter passes.

In Dvenadtsatikubovuyu the gallery can be accessed through the entrance, located in the cliff just above the track. LAZ has a small height, but as you progress it is increased to 2, 5 m, whereby it is possible to pass off.

The most distinguishing feature of the cave is its unusual shape, because all the passages are very reminiscent of Gothic style arches. The secret of this form lies in the degree of cementation, causing little resistance ceilings, and that therefore it was decided to give form to the best of sustainability, kept at the expense of full equilibrium pressure and gravity. But despite this, in these systems quite a few areas where it had never collapses. The largest number of galleries and halls greatly increased, so the floor is almost level with the ceiling. In some halls you notice that their height is 5-6 feet in the shallow caves at 7-10 meters. In the process the inevitable growth in most gyms become unstable and eventually break.

Today halls exist, but have a marked stratification of the available breeds: the highest layer is represented in the form of white quartz Sandstone, above which is visible a small layer of orange or yellow color, which turns into a bright purple color with small multi-colored streaks. There are halls, literally amazing beauty and natural design, as well as forcing, not looking up to admire the extraordinary flavor of a variety of colors. On the top layer you can see is made of clay concretions, which are small balls, reaching several centimeters in diameter and make the walls somewhat similar to lush buns.

To date on the ceilings and walls are visible numerous traces of the tools used in the process of breaking Sandstone; you can see the soot from torches, which illuminated Borovskoy the cave.

It should be noted that during the entire time of production of quartz sand length of cave passages reached up to 15 km, although there is only a small part of the earlier passages. It is important that soon Borisovskie caves may disappear, because every year there is an increasing amount of landslides.

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