Natural history Museum is the largest Museum in the city of Plovdiv and the second largest in Bulgaria. The idea of creating complex was approved by the city authorities in 1952. However, it took several years to assemble a rich collection and to design an exhibition space.

5 September 1955 opened a Temporary exhibition of materials for the future science Museum, which was a great success – it was visited by tens of thousands of citizens and guests of Plovdiv.

The first complete exposition was opened on 8 may 1960. She was devoted to the Geology, flora and fauna of Bulgaria and consisted of several sections: "the Evolution of organisms and inanimate nature", "Plants", "Invertebrate animals", "Vertebrates – fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals". This exhibition was the beginning of the future development of the Museum. In 1970-1971 he expanded the Museum Fund, which is replenished with the departments of Geology, botany, Zoology of invertebrates and vertebrates.

In 1974, as a result of a huge research work of the staff of the Museum have been renovated and artistically decorated rooms in which are located the exhibition "Geology", "Botany" and others, new sections: "Minerals of the Rhodope massif", also "Edible and poisonous mushrooms", "Protected natural objects and plants Plovdiv region", etc. in the same year, operates a large-scale exhibition "Freshwater". In a room of 100 square meters located 44 aquarium with 32 species of ornamental fish and exotic plants.

In 1985, the opening of new halls "Fish" and "Sea bottom". In the past, you can see such unique and exotic representatives of the underwater world, as snails, clams, corals and sea stars collected off the coast of Angola.

The Museum has a library located in a separate building. There are many different publications of scientific nature in Russian, Bulgarian, English, German and other languages. Today in library collections there are about 8 thousand volumes.

Since 2006, the complex is called the Regional natural science Museum. The exhibition of the Museum complex, which presents a huge number of samples of animate and inanimate nature, will be equally interesting to both adults and young visitors.