Vienna theatre is one of the oldest theatres in the Austrian capital, founded in 1801, the theatre impresario Emmanuel Schikaneder. The building was designed by architect Franz Jäger in the Empire style. The theatre was described as "the most equipped and one of the largest theaters of its time".

The theatre became especially popular during the heyday of Viennese operetta. From 1945 to 1955 he was one of the temporary shelters of the Vienna state Opera, whose buildings were destroyed by allied bombing during the Second world war. In 1955, the theatre was closed for security reasons. It was not used for several years, and in the early 1960s, there have been threats that he will be converted into garages. Fortunately, in 1962 the theatre was opened and found a successful new role for itself as a place for modern musical theatre. Many English and German musicals were shown in the theater.

In 1992, the theatre hosted the premiere of the musical "Elisabeth" (about the wife of Franz Joseph I, also known as Sisi). And the musical "Cats" Director and choreographer Gillian Lynn has successfully existed in the theatre for seven years.

Despite its emphasis on operettas and musicals, the theatre continues to serve as a venue for Opera performances, especially during the festival season. In 2006, the 250th anniversary since the birth of Mozart, the theatre presented a number of major operas of this great composer. This marked the beginning of its transformation into an Opera theatre under the direction of Roland Geyer.

During its long history, the theatre has witnessed many bright Prime, such as "Fidelio" by Beethoven, "Bat" of the younger Johann Strauss, "the Count of Luxembourg" by composer Franz lehár.

Currently the Vienna theatre collaborates with other famous Opera houses: in Washington, Madrid, Amsterdam, Dresden.