Agora is a market square, where the popular or judicial Assembly of free citizens under the open sky. Thus, according to the verdict of the Agora was executed in the prison of Socrates. There were stalls, theatres, schools, mint. To the Agora from the Acropolis was Pantanassa road.

From structures preserved Agora temple of Hephaestus (V century BC). The temple was dedicated to the patron of crafts Hephaestus, and Athena. The popular name of the temple of Theseion, comes from the fact that in the sculptural decoration of the temple was used scenes from the life of the legendary king Theseus. In the Byzantine period the temple was built a Christian Church, which functioned until the nineteenth century.

In the 1950s, American archaeologists have restored the standing of Attalos – long two-story portico, a gift to the city of king Attalus. Today it houses the Agora Museum.