Cave city Bakla Photo: Cave city Bakla

Eighteen kilometers from Simferopol is Bakla. It lies on a plateau at the beginning of the Inner ridge, at the confluence of Bodrak and Alma. Once the city was part of the Byzantine system of defence, the citadel served as a best protective structure. The appearance of the city from about the sixth century, its destruction in the thirteenth century and is associated with the invasion of Nogai.

Remained the Foundation of the wall, and the remains of a quarry in the southern part of the Cape. The walls served as protection for a gentle, more vulnerable side. On the opposite side of the Cape, you can observe the traces of the fortifications, where during battles were slingers and archers.

In the rock under the walls of the underground tunnel, the purpose of which is not clear. In the North-East traces of narrow streets and two-storey houses. Here you find the ruins of the Church, which was built into the dwelling and therefore can be considered the 'home' Church. For the Crimean history house churches were not popular, but to the ninth century Constantinople it is quite natural phenomenon.

The East side is an underground temple. In one of its walls carved niche, and in it – the appeal of the Greek language to the patron.

On the West side, on the Cape, found a cave structure, which, according to scientists, this former monastery. Found the wreckage of the temple of the eighth-ninth century, the tombs are rectangular, carved in the mountain and Kiev resembling tombs and the cave whose walls were decorated with images of saints, crosses, the outline of the temple and ships. At the base of the Cape remained small cells with niches for lamps and luminaires. And in the same cell, archaeologists found a mass grave.

On the South side of Buckley, in the valley are the ruins of several temples. The oldest belongs to the eighth-ninth century. Two overlap each other. Beginning in approximately the tenth-eleventh centuries, the temple was built in a Crescent shape. From a preserved fragments of the arched portal and adorned the door of the frieze. Interesting ornament of the frieze: the vine, surrounded by netting, palmettos in the curves. And if the vine for Byzantine art - it is the usual way, the theme of palmettes extremely rare. The first cruciform Church was pulled down in the twelfth-thirteenth centuries and built here a new one.

Downstream the river Cuba is the necropolis, about the fifth to ninth century. In these graves of the seventh century found the belt buckle and bracelet, obviously, by a Byzantine master. And found two brooch – clasp, fastened by a chain on the chest and on the nature of the work performed by Ukrainian master.

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Cave city Bakla