The old fortress to the Maiden's tower, located off the coast of the Caspian sea in the old part of Baku - historical and architectural Museum-reserve. According to historical records, the construction of the fortress began in the XII century and lasted until the XIX century the Width of the walls of the fortifications is 3, 5 m, and the height reaches 10 m.

Built on inhabited since the Palaeolithic locality of the ancient fortification has absorbed the traits of different cultures. For all time of its existence the fortress owned: Zoroastrians, the Arabs, the Persians, servancy, Turks and Russians. A large part of the XIIth century fortress wall surrounding the inner city - Icheri Sheher, preserved to our days. Also here is concentrated the greater part of the ancient architectural monuments of the Old Baku.

The top of the Baku hill was chosen for the construction of the Palace. For its construction were used Absheron limestone. After processing, the limestone was acquired Golden ochre hue. The Palace had a large octagonal hall, covered with a dome. There were sleeping quarters. The upper level was occupied by serving the judgment-seat Sofa-Khan. At the second level houses the mausoleum of the court scholar of Seyid Yahya Bakuvi. He revealed an octagonal building, the upper part of which resembled a tent. Now this structure is called "dervish Mausoleum". A little below the hill housed the tomb of Shirvanshahs built in early second half of the XV C.

Throughout its 500-year history of the Palace complex several times destroyed and rebuilt, but despite this, he was able to maintain its original beauty and grandeur. In addition to the Palace complex in the Icheri-Shekher you can see the preserved narrow streets with buildings X–XIV century, the minaret sinik-Kala XI century, as well as the catacombs and the minaret of Juma mosque article XIV

In the South-East of the Old city stands alone is one of the most striking architectural attractions of the fortress, the Maiden tower, built in the XII century 28-meter high cylindrical tower, built of grey limestone that has no analogues in the Caucasus. Since 2000, the ancient fortress together with the Maiden tower and Palace of the Shirvanshahs are considered world heritage sites by UNESCO.