The Armenian community was founded in St. Petersburg in 1710, the first meetings were held in the houses owned by members of the community. In 1714 it was filed the first petition for permission to build the Church for the Armenians, the authorities rejected it. And only in 1725, the Synod finally gave permission for the holding of meetings in the chapel, which was located in a wooden building on Vasilievsky island.

In the early 1740 the Ghukas Sirunyan allowed to build a small Church made of stone. However, after the death of the Empress, the construction stopped. In may 1770 Hovhannes Lazarian (the head of the Armenian community) again petitioned and received a positive response. Catherine II signed a decree according to which it was allowed to the troops and selling the Armenians to build churches in the cities of Moscow and St. Petersburg. And has not passed also month as under construction was given a place on the Nevsky Prospekt, opposite the arcade.

Architect Y. M. Felten has developed the project and spearheaded the construction, which lasted from 1771 to 1776. We spent about thirty-three thousand rubles. This money mostly donated by the head of the community, part of the gathered parishioners. The building project of the Church was built on earlier Lutheran Church. Although the architect paid more attention to the decorative design. The portico of the Church was more pronounced, its side walls were decorated at the ends with pilasters. The walls were made openings of different shapes. The first tier had arched and rectangular openings in the second layer were made the small window round shape. They are very well combined with panels square shape. Strict capitals Tuscan order were replaced by ionic capitals, and in between the window gaps were placed reliefs. Little angels, Madrugada the cross were depicted above the entrance to the Church.

Inside the Church there are twenty pairs of columns, they are placed in the corners under the dome and the marble yellow. Small caps are made white, which gives a greater expressiveness. Continuous ribbon encircled ceiling cornice with decorative appearance, charm he gave dentils.

In the middle of February 1780 the Church was consecrated by the Armenian Archbishop Joseph. The consecration ceremony was attended by Prince G. A. Potemkin-Tavrichesky. Armenian culture was centered around the temple, which became a kind of center. Still works at the Church of the Armenian school and printing press, which publishes books in the Armenian language.

Over the years, the Church was surrounded by a lattice of iron gates were installed.

In 1841 architect L. F. Vendramini supervised the overhaul. In 1865, the Church tower was rebuilt in the belfry with three bells. In the years 1900-1906 walls and floors of the Church building were strengthened, choirs were built. In 1887, the artist I. K. Aivazovsky the community was presented with a picture of "Christ on the sea of Galilee". In 1915 the Church was given to the relics of St. Thaddeus and St. Gregory the Illuminator.

In 1930 the Church was closed, divided beams and gave the military that it had housed the headquarters of air defense. After the war the building was doing the scenery for theaters. Only in 1990 at the request of the Armenian community of St. Petersburg, the Church began to recover, and in 1993 began services. Renovations that began in those years, is still ongoing. In July 2000, the Patriarch – Catholicos of all Armenians Garegin II is fully sanctified the temple, was attended by the Patriarch of Moscow and All Russia Alexy II. Then the temple were returned to St. George's relics, which were kept in the Hermitage.