The book Museum of A. P. Chekhov's "Sakhalin Island" in the city of Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk is one of the cultural attractions of this city. The name of the famous Russian writer A. P. Chekhov and his book "Sakhalin Island" became a symbol of Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk. The Museum plays an important role in promoting and preserving the heritage of the writer A. P. Chekhov on Sakhalin.

The history of the Museum began in the 80s of the last century, when, thanks to the influence of the local community the idea of Foundation of the Museum of the book Chekhov's "Sakhalin Island" received response from known "Chenoweth" from all over the Soviet Union. To raise funds opened a special account and created a public Fund. The basis of the Museum collection was taken collection of a private collector and historian, G. I. Mirimanova. This collection of local history were collected throughout the country. Also personal items were purchased by A. P. Chekhov, furniture and household that belonged to the family of the writer, and artistic works, S. S., and S. M. Chekhov and many other subjects that subsequently formed the basis of the Museum Fund.

Grand opening of the Museum of the book by A. Chekhov's "Sakhalin Island" is a small two-story house down the street Kuril took place in September 1995, today the Museum possesses the most extensive collection of editions of the book "Sakhalin Island".

In February 2013, the Museum provided a new room, which is the only high-tech Museum building, built in the far East. The area about 2 thousand sq. m. located: spacious storage, two rooms, exhibition and cinema and lecture, restoration workshop.

The main place in the Museum, there are, of course, the book "Sakhalin Island". Visitors to the Museum can learn more about the writer's life, his aspirations, career and Sakhalin journey.