The Cathedral city of Peterborough, dedicated to saints Peter, Paul and Andrew. It is made in the Romano-Norman architectural style. The construction of the Cathedral took more than a hundred years and went from 1118 in 1237, which makes this Cathedral one of the few buildings of the twelfth century, preserved to this day in almost its original form. Especially interesting is the Western facade of the Cathedral, designed in the early Gothic style and unparalleled. It consists of three huge arches, with two towers of the Cathedral remained unfinished, and because they are visible only from a distance. Because of this, the Cathedral in Peterborough seems a little asymmetrical.
With 655, on the site of the modern Cathedral was a monastery that was destroyed during the raids of the Vikings in 864-870. In the chapel of the virgin Mary kept the ancient stone Calls – Holy Martyr and the former Abbot of this monastery. On the stone carved image 12 monks who died at the hands of the Vikings.
In the mid-tenth century the revival of monasteries, and in 966 in Peterborough was erected a Benedictine monastery, the main Church – St. Peter and gave the name of sprawling around the city. The Cathedral of St. Peter existed before the fire in 1116. Fragments of the elements of the old Cathedral, built in the Anglo-Saxon style, were discovered during excavations under the South transept. On the territory of the monastery were also found gravestones Dating back to the XI century.
The building of the present Cathedral was completed in 1193, and between 1230 and 1250 years was painted wooden ceiling is unique in all of England and one of four, made in a similar style in Europe. He was twice painted in 1745 and in 1834 years, but was able to save. In 1237 was over the Western transept and the Western facade, executed in the Gothic style, while the rest of the Cathedral belongs to the Roman-Norman style. Future work – reconstruction of the Romanesque tower in the Gothic style decorative in 1350-1380, and the addition of Gothic Windows have not changed the basic pattern. At the junction of the XVI and XVII centuries it was rebuilt, the roof of the presbytery, and to the Eastern apse was built on the so-called new building is rectangular.
The monastery of Peterborough was the sixth richest monastery in England before the reformation, there were already more than 120 monks. He was also known for his reliquary – it housed the relics of saints Peter, Paul, and Andrew, the clothes of the infant Jesus and the virgin Mary, the arm of St. Oswald, king of Northumbria, as well as the remains of Saint Thomas Becket, delivered prior Benedict, witness to his murder. Unfortunately, all the Holy relics were lost as a result of the dissolution of the monastery in 1541. Preserved only the Cathedral itself, which became the center of the diocese of Peterborough and the Bishop's residence.
In the Cathedral of Peterborough buried the first wife of king Henry VIII – Catherine of Aragon, on her gravestone is inscribed "Catherine, Queen of England", although after her divorce from Henry until the end of his days was deprived of her Royal title. Here in 1587 immediately after the execution was buried Mary Stuart, Queen of Scotland, and only in 1612 on the orders of her son, the king of England James I, her body was reburied in Westminster Abbey.
In 1643, in the midst of Civil war, the Cathedral was plundered by the parliamentary troops, stained glass Windows were broken, ruined medieval choirs, a corrupted altar. In 1883 began a large restoration work, during which were built anew choirs, altar, erected by the Department, and tiled marble floor.
22 November 2001 lit up plastic chairs on the Northern altar. Despite the imminent arrival of fire, smoke and water permanently out of order body.
In 2006 began the restoration of the Western façade of the Cathedral and, in particular, sculptures of saints on the front. The works have cost half a million pounds.
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