Archaeological Museum of Kavala is one of the most interesting and important archaeological museums in Greece and the most important in Eastern Macedonia.

The history of the Archaeological Museum of Kavala begins in 1934 with the Keeper of antiquities G. Basilakis from Kavala, who later became Professor of the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki. He created the first archaeological collection in the city, which was located in the basement in the courthouse. In 1935, the collection was moved to a separate building in the neoclassical style Faliro. During the occupation of the city by the Germans and Bulgarians, the Museum was destroyed, and many ancient relics illegally exported or destroyed. The new Museum was opened in 1964 in the building, where he is currently. Built the Museum building was 1963-1964 by architects D. Fatouros and G. Triantafyllidis Professor of the Polytechnic school of Aristotle University of Thessaloniki.

The Museum presents exhibits from the ancient city of Amphipolis, including a marble bust of a woman (4th century BC), a marble stele from the tomb of whistling (5 century BC), a large gold ring on his finger and a Golden olive wreath, found in a Macedonian tomb 1 (3 century BC), the headless marble statue of a woman clad in a peplos (1st century BC) and a bust of the Roman Empress Agrippina. Also in the Museum are architectural elements from the sanctuary of the goddess Athena Parthenos from the Ancient Neapolis and many different utensils and statues of the archaic period. The Museum has exhibits from clay and stone belonging to the Neolithic age. The Museum exhibits many relics from different areas of ancient Thrace: clay figurines, sarcophagi, coins of the Macedonian kings, jewelry with the black-figure vase painting and more. Of particular interest are the Cycladic amphora (7th century BC) and red-figure hydria (4th century BC).

Between 1999 and 2000 in the Museum underwent major reconstruction, so the Museum has been expanded and updated.