Marble breaking Photo: Marble breaking

Near the village of White mountain is some of the largest deposits of marble, which is known since the 18th century. The name of the village received thanks to marble mountain, which is located across the river of Truth. The greatest part of the mountain no longer has white color, it is everywhere visible traces of blasting. Opening tivdia marble took place in the mid-18th century merchant Martyanova. From that moment began the industrial development of marble brittle.

Deposits tivdia marble have become necessary under construction at the time, St. Petersburg, because this would require a huge amount of ornamental and building stone. Marble stones were extracted very carefully in the form of large massive blocks. Then, after preprocessing, the stones were sent to the city of St. Petersburg most often by water, which better facilitated the decision of the important question of transportation.

With regard to the production and transportation of marble, all these operations were described in great detail the famous academician Ozeretskovski in his work "the lakes Ladoga and Onega". From this book you can learn that marble mining was carried out on some of the technology: in the lower part of the mountain is hollowed out iron Boers well rounded, which could reach up to an inch in thickness, and in length could be with Arshin. Steel was made special ploskovatyh and sharp ends that can penetrate the marble. If you stick the drill for marble, some people need to keep it and the other has to beat on it with a big hammer, and a worker holding a drill, trying to crank out. In order to protect the iron from overheating, and to purify the wells formed from the dust, into the well pour a small stream of cold water which flows down and the dust. Once wells are punched in the right number, then they will need to dry out. Then they are filled with gunpowder and fill the holes with a dry lubricant, which pierced wire small holes. At a time when workers go for lunch or dinner, using sirens illuminating light the gunpowder punched in wells - so it is possible to separate the huge blocks of stone from the mountain. This work continues until, until the entire mountain will not break down on the marble stone basin that reach up to a depth of three fathoms, or even more.

After doing this kind of work, they continue on the surface of the mountain, where, by the same method proburivaya deep wells obliquely to each other. First used by the Boers short, then longer and then the longest, if required by the topography of the mountain. They also stuffed with gunpowder and ignited coal siren. This method is breaking from polomanniy mountains and huge rocks, which are then drilled and split a special iron wedges to the right or at least samples to be cut down to their required bars and other preparations. These blanks were sent to St. Petersburg by water.

Many experts architectural structures was interested in rocks of marble in the village of White mountain, because the color of the rocks varies from pale pink to lilac and including more than 30 shades. Most successfully these breeds were used to create the interior design of the Russian Museum of Ethnography, with its huge columns, placed in the Central hall. Dolomite plate was used for lining the Marble Palace on the river Neva, and the construction of Imperial tombs in the town of Pavlovsk.

Marble production expands, and in 1807 was built marble factory. Towards the second half of the 19th century tivdia marble is in crisis, and its development is almost stopped. 20 years later (in 1887) of withdrawal have passed to rent the content for a period of 24 years kammerjunker V. V. Savelyev. The plant began to produce window sills, fireplaces, tables, tombstones and more. Products were in great demand in Povenets, St. Petersburg, Petrozavodsk, Finland. But the bold tenant pursued by disaster, which forced him to cancel the lease brittle. Since 1893, they passed into the hands of the partnership "Lombard". In the early 20th century industrial development of deposits of marble was completely stopped.

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