Liechtenstein castle is a medieval castle located near the village of Maria Enzersdorf South of the Vienna Federal state of lower Austria, on the edge of the Vienna woods. From the name of the castle arose and the name of the family of Liechtenstein.

The castle was built in 1135 by the order of count von Liechtenstein. The first written mention of the castle dates back to the year 1330.

It is known that the castle often changed owners. At various times, were: Austrian family Khevenhuller, the Habsburgs, the Hungarian king Matthias. The Turks twice attacked the castle in 1480, and then, in 1529 at the battle of Vienna. It was then that the castle was destroyed. It is known that for some time the castle remained in ruins, and then was re-built because of the threat of new attacks of the Ottoman Empire. Only 5 years after the reconstruction of the castle was destroyed again.

In 1807, the castle was bought by Johann Joseph, Prince of Liechtenstein, who fought at Austerlitz. Full-scale restoration of the castle began only in 1890 under the leadership of a group of architects, which took 13 years to complete.

However, the castle seemed to be haunted by bad luck: he was again almost completely destroyed during the Second World war. In 1945, when Austria was divided by the allies (USSR, USA, France and UK), Liechtenstein castle was in the Soviet zone of influence.

In 1968, the restoration of the castle took volunteers from the nearby village of Maria Enzersdorf. Soon after the reconstruction, the Principality of Liechtenstein has decided to transfer to lock into a long term lease to the city authorities, where their decision since 1983 and has been held music festival named after Johann nestroy (the famous Opera singer Austria). After the lease time has expired, and the castle returned to the possession of the Principality, it remains closed to visitors since 2009.