The Byzantine Museum, which is located in Nicosia, has, perhaps, one of the richest collections of art objects belonging to the Byzantine era. It was created under the patronage of the Foundation of Archbishop Makarios III. For visitors to the Museum first opened its doors on January 18, 1982 – the solemn opening ceremony was held by Archbishop Chrysostomos I and the then President of the Republic of Cyprus Spyros Cipriano. At that time, all the treasures of the institution were placed only in one room. However, after six years, the area occupied by the Museum, has expanded considerably, as did his collection. Significantly, it added objects illegally exported outside the country after the Turkish occupation of the authorities in the North of the island, which were subsequently returned to the Republic.

The Museum features over 230 icons painted in the period from IX to XIX century, old books, religious utensils, vestments of Orthodox clergy. All these objects are located in three large halls in the premises of the Cultural centre of the Foundation.

A special focus of the Museum should be paid to the icons which were created in the XII century, because it is the period of time is considered the "Golden age" of Byzantine iconography. In addition, the real star of the collection is a fragment of the mosaic of the VI century, which was originally located in the Church of Panagia of Kanakaria in the village of Licencom, and then she, like many other valuable works of art, was illegally sold abroad, but eventually returned to Cyprus. In addition, in the Museum you can see fragments of the magnificent frescoes of the XV century from the Church of Christ Antiphonitis.

In the art Gallery presents paintings by European artists of the period from 16th century to 19th century, mostly on religious themes.